What are the basic principles of neurorehabilitasyon?（1） - Inme Merkez

Neurorehabilitasyon is a Karmaşık Tıbbi İşlem designed to Yardım in Kurtarma from nervous Sistem damage and to minimize or compensate for any resulting functional changes. For a long Zaman, due to the influence of the Görüş that "neural Hücreler cannot regenerate after death", the academic Topluluk has always believed that it is Zor to İyileşmek after severe Sinir Yaralanma. The Uygulama of Klinik rehabilitasyon medicine has confirmed that: the function of Yaralanma and Nörolojik diseases can be recovered; the Beyin is plastic, and the function of the Beyin can be reorganized after Beyin Yaralanma. The Liste goes Açık for many Beyin-injured Hastalar who İyileşmek, restore damaged Nörolojik function, and even Geri dönüş to work. Therefore, mastering the principles of rehabilitasyon is related to how to make the En iyi Kurtarma from nervous Sistem damage.

Common situation

Inme Kurtarma, Cerebral Palsy, Parkinson's Hastalık, Beyin Yaralanma, Hypoxic Beyin Yaralanma, Traumatic Beyin Yaralanma, Multiple Sclerosis, Pozisyon-Political Syndrome, Guillain-Barré Syndrome.

The meaning of neurorehabilitasyon

By focusing Açık all aspects of a person, neurorehabilitasyon offers a Aralık of treatments from psychological to occupational, teaches or retrains the Hasta's motor Beceriler, İletişim processes, and other aspects of the person's daily activities. Neurorehabilitasyon also focuses Açık the nutritional, psychological and creative aspects of a person's Kurtarma.

Neurorehabilitation Principles 1 : Early Rehabilitation

At this Aşama, Hastalar generally show flaşid paralysis, with Hayır voluntary Kas contractions and Hayır Eklem Yanıt, and the body is basically in a Devlet of Tam Rahatlama; it is equivalent to Brunnstrom Kurtarma Aşama 1-2.

In general, once a Hasta's Durum has stabilized for 48 to 72 hours, Kurtarma can be considered. The Amaç of early rehabilitasyon is to maximize the Koruma of the Hasta's remaining functions and to avoid "disuse syndrome" caused by "braking" or "disuse".

Uyarmak the Sinirler and Kaslar of the alt ekstremites, enhance the Güç of the Kaslar of the alt ekstremites, and prevent Kas atrophy;

Improve the blood circulation of the lower extremities, strengthen the blood supply, and improve the nutritional supply of the lower extremities.

The passive Hareket at the bedside drives the Hasta's limbs to perform Aktif and passive Eğitim through the motor. It stimulates Kas Hareket through correct Hareket patterns, stimulates Sinir Doku, improves blood circulation in affected limbs, promotes metabolism, increases Eklem mobility, and promotes the Kurtarma of limb function.

Neurorehabilitation Principles 2 : Aktif Rehabilitation

With the in-Derinlik Araştırma Açık the Teori and Uygulama of nöropastisite and functional reorganization in academia, it has been clarified that the Kurtarma and reconstruction of Nörolojik function after Yaralanma is largely Uygulama-Bağımlı, Zaman-Bağımlı and dose-Bağımlı in rehabilitasyon Tedavi. of. Aktif rehabilitasyon emphasizes that Hastalar actively Tam Nörolojik activities, rather than relying Açık passive Hareket.

Therefore, in Sıra to achieve the "Maksimum" Etki of neurorehabilitasyon, it must rely Açık the Hasta's Aktif participation in various Nörolojik activities. Passive rehabilitasyon methods should be minimized.

Through the Mod of "üst ekstremite drives alt ekstremites, healthy Yan drives the affected Yan, and one limb drives three limbs", it helps Hastalar to do aktif egzersiz Eğitim for early functional movements.

The üst ekstremite is a "stretch and reach" Hareket pattern, and the alt ekstremite is a "pedal and Adım" pattern, which is beneficial to the reconstruction of the Hareket Program after inme.

Neurorehabilitation Principles 3 : Appropriate Rehabilitation

This İlke is relative to the improper Kullanım of rehabilitasyon techniques. Only by using appropriate rehabilitasyon techniques can the Nörolojik function move İleri along the correct rehabilitasyon trajectory and avoid detours. For Örnek, spastisite is an inevitable Faz of Kurtarma for nearly every Beyin-injured Hasta. Improper Eğitim of upper and lower extremity Güç can aggravate the spastik pattern of upper extremity flexors and lower exTENSor Kaslar, and eventually leave Hastalar with disabilities. It can even be said that "improper Eğitim is worse than Hayır Eğitim".